Load, Inductor and capacitor are the most important component of the system while dealing AC supply.
System is designed for the load and load is made up of inductor and capacitor.Operation of all components depend on frequency of the system.
So if the frequency of the system is increased beyond certain value then reactance of the inductor will increase. So drop and loss of the system will increase and there by increase the cost of the system. Also the reactance of capacitor will decrease.
Now if the frequency is decreased the reactance of capacitor will increase and reactance of inductor will decreased .
But at low value of frequency the load will start to fluctuates which creates issues in operation.
So the early engineer’s did a lots of calculation and found the most economical range of frequency is between few Hz to some 100 Hz
So depending on country, they adopted 50/60 Hz as economical
NOTE. Check our another article on why USA has 60 Hz and BRITISHERS has 50 Hz
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