Electrical motors are widely classified into two categories:
AC rotating machines
1: Synchronous machines
2: Asynchronous machines
DC rotating machines
1: DC series machine
2: DC shunt machine
3: DC compound machine
Synchronous machines:
These are further classified into the synchronous motor and synchronous generator which is popularly known as an alternator. The main thing which differentiates these from asynchronous machines is the rotating speed of these machines which is always synchronous (equal to the rotating magnetic field). These motors can either run on this speed or will not run at all. their construction is also a bit different than asynchronous machines. you can have a better idea if you read our blog on synchronous machines.
Asynchronous machines:
These include the induction motor and induction generator. As the name suggests these machines will run on slightly less speed than the synchronous speed. They can not achieve synchronous speed, if they reach some how to synchronous speed with no external force, they will stop running as the principle of rotation is based on the relative speed of the rotor and the magnetic field. Please check our blog on asynchronous machines for further details.
DC series machines:
This will include DC series motors and DC series generator. The construction is made in such a way that the armature and the field are in series with each other. With this construction, they usually have high starting torque. refer to our blog on DC series motor for further details.
DC shunt machines:
As the name suggests, the construction is done in such a way that the armature and the field are in parallel to each other. this will include dc series motor and generator. in this construction, we can easily control the current flowing in either of them without disturbing the other one. refer the blog on DC shunt motors to know more.
DC compound machines:
these are really interesting machines, as they have the properties of both series and shunt DC machines. We can use the pros of both of them when required. These are mainly classified as cumulative and differential compound motors. Read our blog on DC compound motors for further details.
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