Earthing means connecting non conducting part of the electrical equipment/ neutral point to the earth physically.
Thus The process of electrically connecting the equipment parts in the installation to the electrical conducting rod placed in the soil by some system of electrical conductors. This contacting assembly along with its operating processes can be called as earthing.
It is done so that leakage current is immediately transferred to the earth without any casualty to the equipment as well as the person.
There are two type of earthing
1. Equipment earthing
2. System/Neutral earthing
Equipment earthing:- Equipment earthing refers to connecting the non-current-carrying parts of the electrical machine(such as a metal body of induction machine, synchronous machine, transformer, switch gears and wiring work in conduit, etc.) to the earth through earth wire. This protects against shock from leakage current.
Neutral earthing:- Neutral earthing refers to connecting the neutral of the system or the electrical machine or transformer with the earth. As the system is most affected by the condition of the neutral.
It gives easy earth fault protection and easy dissipation of transient over voltages of the system to the electrical equipment.
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