Automatic Power Factor Correction (APFC) system is a capacitor bank operated using a feedback system. The main goal of APFC is to maintain the power factor near unity. Most of the electrical load is inductive so the current will lag the voltage by some angle. So to make this angle between the current and the voltage zero i.e. power factor unity we have to introduce a capacitive load. But we can't randomly attach a capacitive load, we have to do some calculations beforehand otherwise the current will lead the voltage. So with the help of a feedback system, we can interpret the value of the capacitive load to be attached to make the power factor unity.
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