In a split-phase induction motor, we split a single-phase into two phases to create a rotating magnetic field. A single-phase induction motor can run on a single-phase but it needs a rotating magnetic field to start. There are different types of split-phase induction motors:
Resistance Start Induction Motor
Capacitor Start Induction Motor
Capacitor Start Capacitor Run Induction Motor
Permanent Capacitor Induction Motor
Shaded pole Induction Motor
The basic principle behind the starting of these motors is the same i.e. we need to have 2 or more phases to make a rotating magnetic field. So a split in the single-phase is made and a phase difference is created between them. We use two windings (mian winding, auxillary winding) spaced at 90 degrees to each other. We have three quantities in electrical engineering i.e. resistive, inductive (lagging), capacitive (leading). So pairs are made i.e. R-L, R-C, L-C, so due to the difference in quantities in different windings, a rotating magnetic field is created. And due to this rotating magnetic field, the rotor will start rotating.
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